L\u2019Espagne reste en ce d\u00e9but 2017 un pays mis \u00e0 l\u2019index par les organisations internationales en charge des droits humains. Son injuste loi d\u2019amnistie absout les crimes commis sous la dictature franquiste et m\u00e9connait le droit \u00e0 r\u00e9paration des victimes. Mais l\u2019action de ces derni\u00e8res, de leurs associations m\u00e9morielles, conjugu\u00e9e aux possibilit\u00e9s ouvertes par les alternances politiques, ouvre de nouvelles perspectives.<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Dans son rapport annuel 2015-2016, Amnesty International \u00e9crit \u00e0 propos de l\u2019Espagne :\u00ab Les d\u00e9finitions de la disparition forc\u00e9e et de la torture dans la l\u00e9gislation espagnole n’\u00e9taient toujours pas conformes au droit international relatif aux droits humains\u2026.. Les victimes de crimes commis pendant la guerre d’Espagne et sous le r\u00e9gime de Franco (1936-1975) continuaient d’\u00eatre priv\u00e9es de leurs droits \u00e0 la v\u00e9rit\u00e9, \u00e0 la justice et \u00e0 des r\u00e9parations. Un groupe d’experts des Nations unies a ensuite engag\u00e9 l’Espagne \u00e0 respecter ses obligations en extradant ou en poursuivant en justice les responsables pr\u00e9sum\u00e9s de graves violations des droits humains \u00bb.<\/p>\n L\u2019Espagne est toujours ce pays de d\u00e9mocratie limit\u00e9e qui, 40 ans apr\u00e8s la mort du dictateur , interdit qu\u2019une v\u00e9ritable r\u00e9paration soit accord\u00e9e aux victimes de ses crimes. Ce qui est devenu r\u00e9alit\u00e9 en Argentine ou au Chili demeure du domaine du v\u0153u dans un pays membre d\u2019une Union Europ\u00e9enne prompte \u00e0 donner des le\u00e7ons sur les droits humains au reste du monde.La loi de M\u00e9moire Historique du 26 d\u00e9cembre 2007 n\u2019a autoris\u00e9 qu\u2019une r\u00e9paration individuelle, et donc ponctuelle et isol\u00e9e, alors que loi d\u2019amnistie pact\u00e9e le 15 octobre 1977 interdit toute reconnaissance collective des crimes franquistes et sanction des violations des droits humains\u2026Aujourd\u2019hui encore, malgr\u00e9 plusieurs recours, les jugements iniques de condamnation du pr\u00e9sident de la g\u00e9n\u00e9ralit\u00e9 Companys ou du militant antifranquiste Julian Grimau demeurent en vigueur et leur nullit\u00e9 n\u2019a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 prononc\u00e9e.<\/p>\n La l\u00e9galit\u00e9 r\u00e9publicaine n\u2019est toujours pas r\u00e9tablie en Espagne 80 ans apr\u00e8s un putsch militaire soutenu par les puissances nazies et fascistes et tol\u00e9r\u00e9 dans l\u2019indiff\u00e9rence ou la l\u00e2chet\u00e9 par les d\u00e9mocraties europ\u00e9ennes.<\/p>\n Le 2 d\u00e9cembre 2016 Joan Tarda a d\u00e9pos\u00e9 devant les Cort\u00e9s, au nom du groupe parlementaire d\u2019Esquerra Republicana, une proposition de loi portant reconnaissance de toutes les victimes de la dictature et r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration de la M\u00e9moire Historique.Son article 3 d\u00e9clare la nullit\u00e9 de tous les jugements violant les droits humains rendus par les Conseils de guerre et tribunaux de la dictature et institue le droit \u00e0 r\u00e9paration, y compris \u00e9conomique pour les victimes de spoliations ou de confiscations.Son article 4 reconnait la deuxi\u00e8me r\u00e9publique comme un \u00e9tat d\u00e9mocratique et de droit pr\u00e9curseur du syst\u00e8me politique aujourd\u2019hui en vigueur en Espagne. Cette R\u00e9publique et ces droits humains pour lesquels ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 nombreux \u00e0 manifester ce 6 d\u00e9cembre 2016 \u00e0 Madrid, jour anniversaire de la constitution du 6 d\u00e9cembre 1978 n\u00e9e du pacte du silence.<\/p>\n Alain MIRANDA<\/strong><\/p>\n MER 47<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" L\u2019Espagne reste un pays mis \u00e0 l\u2019index par les organisations internationales en charge des droits humains.Mais l\u2019action des victimes, de leurs associations, conjugu\u00e9e aux possibilit\u00e9s ouvertes par les alternances politiques, ouvre de nouvelles perspectives.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23258,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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droits humains toujours m\u00e9connus<\/h2>\n
Un pays de d\u00e9mocratie limit\u00e9e<\/h2>\n
Le r\u00e9tablissement de la l\u00e9galit\u00e9 r\u00e9publicaine<\/h2>\n
Une loi pour les victimes et la m\u00e9moire historique<\/h2>\n